【真题】2024年10月自考00832英语词汇学试题

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2024年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一考试

英语词汇学

(课程代码00832)

注意事项:
1.本试卷分为两部分，第一部分为选择题，第二部分为非选择题。
2.应考者必须按试题顺序在答题卡(纸)指定位置上作答，答在试卷上无效。
3.涂写部分必须使用 2B 铅笔，书写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔。

第一部分 选择题

一、单项选择题:本大题共 30小题，每小题1分，共30分。在每小题列出的四个选项中选择一个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。
1. Which of the following statements is not true about lexicology(词汇学)?
A. Lexicology is a branch of linguistics.
B. Lexicology inguires into the origins of words.
C. Lexicology inguires into the meanings of words.
D. Lexicology is a branch of grammar.

2. WWhich of the following statements is true about a word?
A. It is a minimal free form of a language.
B. lr is a form in writing and speaking.
C. lt is made up of voices.
D. it is made up of sounds.

3. More and more differences occur betveen sound and form in English due to_______.
A. wars
B. the policy of a country
C. the development of a language
D. the efforts of scholars

4. Which of the following statements is true about vocabulary?
A. It refers to all the grammar in a language.
B. All the words in a language make up its vocabulary.
C. It refers to all the words in the world.
D. It refers to all the rules in a language.

5.Which of the following statements is true about English word classification?
A. English words can be classified by the same purposes.
B. English words may fall into the basic words by notion.
C. English words may fall into the nonbasic words by notion.
D. English words can be classified by different criteria.

6. Which of the following statements is true about the basic word stock?
A. It has all national character.
B. It is not important at all.
C. It does not belong to the core words of a language
D. It constitutes a large percent of a language.

7. Which of the following statements is not true about the Indo-European Language Family?
A. German belongs to the [ndo-European Language Family
B. French belongs to the Indo-European Language Family
C. Chinese belongs to the Indo-European Language Family
D. Russian belongs to the Indo-European Language Family

8. Which of the following statement is true about Moder English?
A. The year of 450 is regarded as the beginning of Modern English
B. The year of 1500 is regarded as the beginning of Modern English
C. The year of ll50 is regarded as the beginning of Modem English
D. The year of 1700 is regarded as the beginning of Modern English

9. Which of the following statement is not true about the growth of modem vocabulary?
A. The rapid development of modern science and technology results in the growth ofmodern vocabulary.
B. Social, economic and political changes result in the growth of modern vocabulary.
C. The influence of other cultures results in the growth of modern vocabulary.
D. The influence of other industries results in the growth of modern vocabulary.

10. Which of the following is a mode of vocabulary development?
A. buying
B. compiling
C. borrowing
D. editing

11. A minimal meaning unit of a language is a______.
A. morpheme
B. letter
C. phrase
D. sentence

12. Which of the following is not a characteristic of free morphemes?
A. Free morphemes are independent of other morphemes.
B. Free morphemes have complete meanings in themselves.
C. Free morphemes can be used as free grammatical units in sentences.
D. All free morphemes are compound wvords.

13. Which ofthe following is true about bound morphemes?
A. Bound morphemes can occur separately.
B. Bound morphemes are bound to other morphemes to form words.
C. Bound morphemes do not include bound roots.
D. Bound morphemes do not include affixes.

14. Which of the following is true about affixes?
A. Inflectional afixes are not one type of affixes.
B. Derivational afhixes are not one type of affixes,
C. Derivational afixes are one type of affixes.
D. Bound roots are one type of affixes.

15. Which of the following words does not have a prefix?
A. dislike
B. likewise
C. microscope
D. redo

16. Which of the following words does not have a suffix?
A. helpless
B. carefulness
C. careless
D. delete

17. Which of the following words is not a compound?
A. organize
B. tear gas
C. honey bee
D. silkworm

18. The formation ofnew words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part ofanother word is_____.
A. affxation
B. sufixation
C. blending
D. conversion

19, Which ofthe following word is a blending?
A. disobey
B. motel
C. biology
D. telephone

20. Which of the following is a clipping?
A. logical
B. relive
C. generally
D. exam

21. An initialism is a word pronounced letter by letter. Which of the following is not an initialism?
A.UFO
B.BBC
C.AIDS
D.VOA

22. Which ofthe following word is a proper name?
A. china
B.China
C. sandwich
D.ampere

23._______is the meaning given in the dictionary and forms the core of word-meaning.
A. Conceptual meaning
B. Grammatical meaning
C. Lexical meaning
D. Associative meaning

24. WVhich ofthe following are synonyms?
A. go, come
B. talkative, silent
C. difficult. easy
D. wish, desire

25. Which of the following are antonyms?
A. simple, easy
B. true, false
C same, identical
D. hard, difiicult

26.Which of the following words are hyponyms of tool?
A.hammer, saw
B. rose, tulip.seea
C. fish, chiokem
D. lemon, mango

27. Which of the following words make up the semantic field of “fruits”?
A. fsh, chicken, duck
B. rose, tulip, cherry
C. peach, orange, pear
D. red, black, white

28. Which of the following group shows the narrowing of a word in meaning?
A. butcher, one who kills goats, one who kills animals
B. silly, happy, foolish
C. joural, daily paper, periodical
D. wife, woman, married woman

29. In a narrow sense,_________refers to the words, clauses sentences in which a word appears.
A. non-linguistic context
B. linguistic context
C. extra-linguistic context
D. meaning

30.________consist ofset phrases and short sentences, which are peculiar to the language in question and loaded with the native cultures and ideas.
A. Idioms
B. Words
C. Phrases
D. Sentences

第二部分 非选择题

二、填空题:本大题共 10小题，每小题15分，共I5分。根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的单词或短语。将答案写在答题卡相应位置上。
31. Words may fall into the________word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by use frequency.
32. Modern English vocabulary develops through channels: creation, semantic change________.
33. The popular method is to group morphemes into________morphemes and bound morphemes.
34. Prefixation is the formation of new words by adding________to stems.
35. Lexical meaning and grammatical________make up the word meaning.
36. Synonyms can be classified into two major groups: absolute synonyms and________ synonyms.
37.Word meaning changes by modes of extension,________，degradation,Elevation,and transfer.
38. Linguistic context can be subdivided into________context and grammatical context.
39. Idioms have two characteristics:________unity, structural stability.
40. Monolingual dictionaries are written in________language while bilingual dictionaries involve twvo languages.

三、解释题:本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分。用英文解释以下术语，将答案写在答题卡相应位置上。
4l. borowed words
42. root
43. affixation
44. conceptual meaning
45. extension

四、问答题:本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分。用英文回答以下问题，将答案写在答题卡相应位置上。
46.将(a)组中的术语与(b)组中的例子进行配对。
(a) root; afix; sufhx
(b) -able; -dict-; re-

47.写出下列词语的简写。
axicab; dormitory; telephone; television; earthquake

48. List the four kinds of suffixes. And give an example for each kind.

49. What are synonyms? And what are antonyms?

五、分析和评论:本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分。对下列内容进行分析和评论，将答案写在答题卡相应位置上。
50.Comment on the word-meaning changes fom aspects of extension, narrowing and degradation by analyzing the following groups of words.
(a) butcher, one who kills goats, one who kills animals
(b) accident; event; unfortunate event
(c) silly; happy; foolish

51 . Comment on the meaning of the word quick in the two invented situations on the theory of extra-linguistic context.
(1)Speaker: a young mother, Hearer: her mother-in-law, Place: park, by a duckpond;Time: sunny afternoon in September 2019.
They are watching the young mother’s two-year-old son chasing ducks and the mother-in-law has just remarked that her son, the child’s father, was rather backward at this age, The young mother says: I do think Adam’s quick.

(2) Speaker: a student; Hearer: a set of srudents; Place: sitting around a coffee table in the refectory; Time: evening in March 2022. John, one of the group, has just told a joke. Everyone laughs except Adam, Then Adam laughs, One of the suudents says: I do think Adam’s quick.

2024 年 10 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

00832 英语词汇学 参考答案

第一部分 选择题

1. D. Lexicology is a branch of grammar.
2. A. lt is a minimal free form of a language.
3. C. the development of a language
4. B. All the words in a language make up its vocabulary
5. D. English words can be classified by different criteria.
6. A. lt has all national character.
7.. Chinese belongs to the Indo-European Language Family.
8. B. The year of 1500 is regarded as the beginning of Modern English
9. D. The infuence of other industries results in the growth of modern vocabulary.
10. C. borrowing
11. A. morpheme
12. D. All free morphemes are compound words.
13. B. Bound morphemes are bound to other morphemes to form words.
14. C. Derivational affixes are one type of affixes.
15. B. likewise
16. D. delete
17. A. organize
18. C. blending
19. B. motel
20. D.exam
21. C. AIDS
22. B. China
23.A. Conceptual meaning
24. D. wish, desire
25. B. true, false
26. A. hammer, saw
27. C. peach, orange, pear
28. D. wife, woman, married woman
29. B. linguistic context
30. A. ldioms

第二部分 填空题
31. basic
32. borrowing
33. free
34. prefixes
35.meaning
36.relative
37.narrowing
38. lexical
39.semantic
40.one

第三部分 解释题
41.Borrowed words: Words adopted from other languagese.g., “cafe” from French.
42.Root: The core morpheme carrying primary meaning, e.g.,dict” in “predict”.
43.Affixation: Word formation by adding prefixes or suffixes,eg., “unhappy”=”un-“+ “happy”.
44.Conceptual meaning: The literal dictionary definition of a word, e.g., “dog” refers to a canine animal.
45.Extension: Broadening of word meaning,e.g.”mouse(animal-computer device).

第四部分 问答题

46.配对:
root: -dict
affix;re-
suffix. -able

47.简写:
taxicab – cab
dormitory – dorm
telephone – phone
television -TV
earthquakequake

48.四种后缀:
Noun suffix:-ment(e.g.. development)
Verb suffix: -ize (e.g., organize)
Adjective suffix: -ful (e.g., beautiful)
Adverb suffix: -ly (e.g., quickly)

49.同义词与反义词:
Synonyms: Words with similar meanings (e.g., “big” and “large”).
Antonyms: Words with opposite meanings (e.g., “hot” and “cold”).

五、分析和评论。
50.词义变化分析
(a) butcher
原义:专指“杀山羊的人”。
现义:泛指“杀动物的人”(如屠夫)。
变化类型:扩大(Extension)。词义从特指某一类动物扩展到所有动物。
(b)accident
原义:泛指“事件”(中性)。
现义:特指“不幸的事件”(负面)。
变化类型:缩小(Narrowing)。词义范围从一般缩小到具体负面情境。
(9)silly
原义:“快乐的”(积极含义)。
现义:“愚蠢的”(消极含义)。
变化类型:贬降(Deqradation)。词义从积极转向消极，带有贬义化趋势。

51.非语言语境下的词义分析
(1)情境一(母亲与婆婆对话)
非语言语境:说话者为年轻母亲，听者为婆婆;地点在公园，孩子正在追逐鸭子;婆婆暗示孩子父亲幼时迟钝。
词义分析:母亲说“Adam’s quick”时，“quick”指孩子反应敏捷、机灵。通过对比父亲幼时的迟钝，此处“quick”强调孩子的聪明与活力，传递积极评价。
(2)情境二(学生对话)
非语言语境:说话者为学生，听者为同学;Adam 在他人笑完后才笑，引发调侃。
词义分析:学生说“Adam’s quick”时，实际为反讽。由于 Adam 反应滞后，“quick”在此暗指他迟钝，通过非语言语境(群体调侃氛围)赋予词义反向含义。
理论应用:非语言语境(如说话者身份、场合、互动关系)显著影响词义理解。同一词汇“quick”在不同情境中因语境差异，分别传递积极或讽刺含义，体现了语言与外部语境的动态关联。
(答案仅供参考，以官版评分标准为准。)