【真题+答案】2024年10月自考13129英汉互译试题

绝密 ★ 考试结束前

2024年10月高等教育自学考试

英汉互译试题

课程代码:13129

1.请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案写在答题纸上。
2. 答题前,考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。

Ⅰ. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point each)
A. Translate the following words and phrases into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.
1. artificial intelligence 2. active volcanoes
3. show business 4. science fiction
5. ocean currents 6. genetic variation
7. integrated circuit 8. dual-Olympic city
9. culture shock 10. urban spatial structure

B. Translate the following words and phrases into English. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.
11. 食物链 12.义务教育
13. 附加值 14.细菌
15. 广东话 16. 温室气体
17.庙会 18. 自由贸易区
19. 农历 20. 生态文明

Ⅱ. Translation Revision (20 points, 2 points each)
A. Correct or improve the translation of the following English sentences. Write your revised versions on the Answer Sheet.

Example:
原文:Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.
译文:阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。
改译:阿德莱德属地中海型气候。

21.原文: The team lost the final six years in succession.
译文:这个队连续在最后六年中落败。
改译:

22.原文: Out of this philosophy the Olympic Ideals were born.
译文:奥林匹克的理想就是诞生在这一哲学思想之外。
改译:

23.原文: I couldn’t help crying when I heard the sad news.
译文:听到这条悲伤的消息,我无助地哭了起来。
改译:

24.原文: They can also endure millions of cycles of charging and discharging, compared to mere thousands of cycles for conventional rechargeable batteries.
译文:它们还可以经受住数百万次的充电和放电循环,比普通的可充电电池多出几千次。
改译:

25.原文: Considered highly intelligent, dolphins are trained to perform various tasks.
译文:被认为非常聪明,海豚被训练来执行各种任务。
改译:

B. Correct or improve the translation of the following Chinese sentences. Write your revised versions on the Answer Sheet.
Example:
原文:能为他的这本散文集作序,我觉得很荣幸。
译文:To write a preface to this collection of his essays gives me a great honor.
改译:I find it a great honor to write a preface to this collection of his essays.

26.原文:他们公司如果昨天参加展会就好了。
译文:If only their company attended the exhibition yesterday.
改译:

27.原文:本届论坛的主题是“推动可持续增长”。
译文:The theme of this forum is “to promote sustaining growth”.
改译:

28.原文:上学期这个班级由他负责。
译文:This class was in charge of him last semester.
改译:

29.原文:这一发现有助于我们解决给加工好的食品添加防腐剂的问题。
译文:This finding could help us solve the problem that adds chemical preservatives to some processed food.
改译:

30.原文:她嘟 了几句,没说再见就把电话挂掉了。
译文:She muttered a few words, didn’t say goodbye and hung up.
改译:

Ⅲ. Sentence Translation (20 points, 2 points each)
A. Translate the following underlined sentences into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.
31. English-speaking book readers around the world say they plan to read more in 2023 than they did in 2022. Although eBooks and even audio books are increasingly popular, paper books remain the preferred format for readers around the world.

32. The Paris Agreement requires countries to review their progress toward that goal at climate negotiations later this year in the United Arab Emirates. Our hope is that the new report will serve as a shared scientific foundation for those negotiations, as well as a menu of solutions available to world leaders.

33. When your food arrives, proper dining etiquette requires you to eat at a moderate pace so that you have time to talk. A good measure of how fast you should eat is to count 10 seconds between each mouthful.

34. Competition is seen as an open and fair race where success goes to the swiftest person regardless of his or her social class background. Competitive success is commonly seen as the American alternative to social rank based on family background.

35. Bocelli has sold tens of millions of records worldwide, and his soaring tenor remains to this day one of music’s most distinctive voices. Federer (费德勒) won 20 major championships in his illustrious tennis career, drawing as much praise for his aesthetic grace as for his athletic skill. They are the kind of icons with international influence.

B. Translate the following underlined sentences into English. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.

36. 我们应该把注意力集中在自己所能控制的,而不是无能为力的事情上面。要培养信念,而不要助长恐惧。

37.与我们通常的想法相悖的是,阳光并非总是以直线形式传播。它会弯曲、反射或折射,由此产生一系列奇妙的大气光学效应。

38. 金秋时节,在海拔较低的米林市羌纳乡,连片青小麦已经成熟。农民们忙着收割,脸上洋溢着丰收的喜悦和对更加美好生活的憧憬。

39. 在美国,闯不闯红灯还要看是车是人。无论何时汽车都不能闯红灯,但行人却有闯红灯的“绝对自由”,比如,在纽约这样拥挤的大城市里,行人也常常乱穿马路。

40. 我们将创新发展面向未来的数学教育。改革培养方式,改进教学方法,加快提升学生的数学素养、创新精神,让更多未来数学家脱颖而出。我们将积极推动面向世界的数学交流。

IV. Passage Translation (40 points, 20 points each)
A. Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.

41.
Since 1950, the number of languages spoken throughout our world has steadily declined. Today, the voices of more than 7,000 languages resound across our planet every moment, but about 2,900 or 41% are endangered. At current rates, about 90% of all languages will become extinct in the next 100 years.

Modern advances have improved many spheres of life, but the pace of change and complete neglect have taken their toll. Our world continues to shrink in the variety and distinction of our languages and the cultures those languages bring to life. After global warming, language loss is the Earth’s most acute crisis.

When a speech community dies, the world loses the ideas unique to that culture and the concepts that could only be expressed in that language. The stories that once brought countless generations of a community together never again quicken hearts.

B. Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.

42.社交媒体上,越来越多的年轻人分享参观博物馆的体验。参观博物馆已经成为年轻人一种流行的休闲、社交方式。“博物馆热”折射出年轻一代对传统文化的认同。他们对古人的生活方式和精神世界产生了浓厚的兴趣,对中华文明的起源怀有旺盛的求知欲。这些都促使他们走进博物馆,自觉地去了解中华民族深厚的历史底蕴。

2024 年 10 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

13129 英汉互译 参考答案

I. Word and Phrase Translation
A. Translate into Chinese:
1.人工智能
2.活火山
3.娱乐业
4.科幻小说
5.洋流

B. Correct Chinese Translations:
26.改译：If only their company had attended the exhibition yesterday.
27.改译：The theme of this forum is “Promoting Sustainable Growth”.
28.改译：He was in charge of this class last semester.
29.改译：This finding could help us solve the problem of adding chemical preservatives to processed food.
30.改译：She muttered a few words, hung up without saying goodbye.

III. Sentence Translation
A. Translate into Chinese:
31.全球英语书籍读者表示，他们计划在 2023 年比 2022 年阅读更多书籍。尽管电子书甚至有声书日益流行，纸质书仍是全球读者的首选。

32.《巴黎协定》要求各国在今年晚些时候于阿联酋举行的气候谈判中审议目标的进展。我们希望这份新报告能为谈判提供科学依据，并为各国领导人提供解决方案的清单。

33.用餐礼仪要求食物上桌后以适中速度进食，以便有时间交谈。判断进食速度是否合适的方法，是每口间隔约 10 秒。

34.竞争被视为一场开放而公平的竞赛，成功属于最敏捷者，无关其社会阶级背景。在美国，竞争成功常被视为取代基于家庭背景的社会等级的方式。

35.波切利全球唱片销量逾千万，其高亢的男高音至今仍是乐坛最具辨识度的嗓音之一。费德勒在辉煌的网球生涯中赢得 20 个大满贯冠军，其优雅风度和精湛技术同样备受赞誉。他们是具有国际影响力的典范人物。

B. Translate into English:
36.We should focus on what we can control rather than what is beyond our power. Cultivate faith, not fear.

37.Contrary to common belief, sunlight does not always travel in straight lines. It bends, reflects, or refracts, creating a series of marvelous atmospheric optical effects.

38.In the golden autumn season, vast fields of barley and wheat have ripened in Menna Township, a low – altitude area of Milin City. Farmers are busy harvesting, their faces glowing with the joy of a bountiful harvest and hopes for a better life.

39. In the U.S., whether to run a red light depends on whether you are a car or a pedestrian. Cars must never run red lights, but pedestrians enjoy “absolute freedom” to do so—for example, jaywalking is common in crowded cities like New York.

40.We will innovate mathematics education for the future. By reforming training methods and improving teaching approaches, we aim to enhance students’ mathematical literacy and creativity, nurturing more future mathematicians. We will also promote global exchanges in mathematics.

IV. Passage Translation
A. Translate into Chinese:
41. 自 1950 年以来，全球使用的语言数量持续减少。如今，7000 多种语言的声音每时每刻在地球上回响，但其中约 2900 种（占比 41%）正面临消亡。按当前速度，未来 100 年内约 90% 的语言将灭绝。
现代进步改善了生活的诸多领域，但变革的速度与彻底的忽视已造成代价。我们的世界在语言多样性及其承载的文化独特性上持续萎缩。除全球变暖外，语言消亡是地球面临的最严峻危机。
当一种语言社群消失，世界便失去了该文化独有的思想，以及只能以该语言表达的概念。那些曾凝聚无数代人的故事，再也无法触动心灵。

B. Translate into English:
42. On social media, an increasing number of young people share their experiences of visiting museums. Museum visits have become a popular leisure and social activity among the youth. The “museum craze” reflects the younger generation’s recognition of traditional culture. They show a strong interest in the lifestyle and spiritual world of ancient people, as well as a thirst for knowledge about the origins of Chinese civilization. These motivations drive them to enter museums and consciously explore the profound historical heritage of the Chinese nation.