【真题】2024年10月自学考试00838语言与文化试题

机密★启用前

2024年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一考试

语言与文化

(课程代码 00838)

注意事项:
1.本试卷分为两部分，第一部分为选择题，第二部分为非选择题。
2.应考者必须按试题顺序在答题卡(纸)指定位置上作答，答在试卷上无效。
3.涂写部分必须使用 28 铅笔，书写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔。

第一部分 选择题

一、单项选择题:本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分。从每小题列出的四个备选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。
1. Language is said to be________，because there is no logical relationship between words in the objects, actions or concepts these words are used to refer to.
A.systematic
B. arbitrary
C. symbolic
D. vocal

2. In English, cultre is a loan word from Latin.In contrast,“文化” is a________word inChinese, which was originally associated with mental activity alone.
A. native
B. local
C. regional
D. dialect

3. Christmas has been celebrated for more than 1000 years in western countries, which indicates culture is also aphenomenon.
A. social
B. national
C. spirirual
D. historical

4. Eskimo tribes commonly have as many as seven different words for snow to distinguish among different types of snow, which is a typical case of how culture________language
A. modifes
B. forms
C. influences
D. decides

5. Abstract thinking refers to thinking in which________are particularly attended to.
A. images
B. logics
C. rules
D. phones

6. “Statesman” and “*politician” can both be used to refer to a high government official, and they are mainly distinguished by their________meaning.
A. conceptual
B. connotative
C. social
D. affective

7. The English equivalent ofChinese expression “红茶”is________.
A. red tea
B. brown tea
C. black tea
D. dark tea

8. a) It is raining.
b)下雨了。
The above examples show that simplicity is more important than grammatical explicitness and________in Chinese.
A. consistency
B. implicitness
C.logic
D. vividness

9. Paratactic relations refer to constructions whose components are linked in meaning through juxtaposition and punctuation and not through the use of________.
A. intonation
B. pronouns
C. propositions
D. conjunctions

10. English speaking people are direct, so they prefer the information structure in which themore important information________the less important information.
A. follows
B. parallels to
C. precedes
D. surpasses

11. In English, surnames (more than 35000 in number) are more________than given names.
A. special
B. distinctive
C. vivid
D. important

12. “Angela” is a popular English girl’s name that is related to________.
A. knowledge
B. authority
C. religion
D. flowers

13 . Names that are related to________are quite common among the Chinese people, but theyare hardly found in English personal names.
A. weapons
B. fame
C. religion
D. historical events

14. In American culture, to ask if something, food, clothes or decoration of furniture, is homemade is a________.
A. compliment
B. humiliation
C. polite act
D. rude behavior

15.English people’s more frequent use of polite expressions may seem to be________and sometimes even hypocritical to many Chinese people.
A. necessary
B. unnecessary
C. useful
D. useless

16. In the sentence “He is rich in ideas”, ideas are viewed as________.
A. food
B. products
C. money
D. emotion

17. In English,________is often associated with high social position or being aristocratic.
A. red
B. yellow
C. green
D. blue

18. What logical relationship is presented in “Yet he was hardly aware of being tired”?________.
A. Addictive
B. Adversative
C. Causal
D. Temporal

19. “An improvement of its performance can be achieved by the use of super heated steam.”
The above sentence typically presents a major feature of EST (English for Science and Technology) : the frequent use of passive voice and________.
A. nouns
B. noun phrases
C.nominalization
D. possessive cases

20. A speaker or a performer clap his or her hands together with the audience to express gratitude or warm feelings towards the audience.
The above behavior is considered________.
A. inappropriate in Chinese culture
B. inappropriate in English culture
C. universally acceptable
D. universally unacceptable

二、多项选择题:本大题共 10小题，每小题1分，共10分。从每小题列出的四个备选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项(每题至少有两个选项符合题目要求)，并在答题卡相应位置上将其涂黑，错选、多选或少选均无分。
21. Language is________.
A. used for communication
B, used to understand and describe the world
C.systematic
D. not just owned by human

22.“________” may be the connotative meaning of”woman”.
A. An adult female
B. Experienced in cookery
C. Skirt or dress wearing
D. Sensitive

23.________are chiefly used to convey affective meaning.
A.”My God”
B.”Oh”
C.”However”
D. “Then”

24.________are related to the American history.
A. Duke
B. Cowboy
C. Hippie
D. Knight

25. hehited States of America is the federal public, which may be represented by such words as________.
A. prime Minisrer
B. Labor Party
C.Congress
D. Republic Party

26. Please select those pairs of words with correct translation equivalents:________.
A.Greenhouse 温室
B.First lady 原配夫人
C.Rest room 卫生间
D.Lowboy 矮个男孩”

27.”________”are positive in meaning in English but pejorative in Chinese.
A.Propaganda
B. Peasant
C.Aggressive
D. Landlord

28.“________” are American English.
A. Schedule
B. Timetable
C. Store
D. Shop

29. Which of the following can NOT be used in greetings in English?
A. How do you do?
B. Have you had your meal?
C. Where are you going?
D. How are you?

30.“________” have bad or unpleasant connotations.
A. A white elephant
B. A white lie
C. A White Christmas
D. A white feather

第二部分 非选择题

三、填空题:本大题共 10 小题，每小题2分，共20分。在空白处填入恰当的表达，将答案写在答题卡相应位置上。
31. Words are associated with objects, actions and ideas through convention. They are only symbols similar to human________.
32. As a corporate product of human societies, culture is a________phenomenon.
33. Language is said to be the________of culture, because it can represent every aspect of culture.
34. Individualistic culture emphasizes the________individuals have against the society and other individuals.
35.The words of________origin are normally used in daily conversations and correspondence, while the loan words from French are used in formal or literary context.
36. The degree to which a language is grammatically explicit or implicit is firstly indicated by the________ of grammatical morphemes the language has and how frequently they are used in normal communication in that language.
37. The obligatory explicit grammatical markers are________ in number in English than in Chinese.
38. English babies may be named after influential figures or be named after their grandparents or other relatives, which is a________ in Chinese culture.
39. In English culture, when a man and a woman are introduced it is the________ who first extends the hand if they shake hands at all.
40. “Needy”, “under privileged”, and “disadvantaged” are all euphemisms for “________”.

四、简答题:本大题共4小题，每小题3分，共12分。用英文简述下列问题，将答案写在答题卡相应位置上。
41. Please use examples to illustrate that both English speakers and Chinese people resort to “heaven” to express emotions and attitudes.
42. Why is it said that English is a hypotactic language?
43. Why did “Poison” turn out to be a successful brand name of perfume in 1986?
44. Why do English speaking parents ask for permission before they enter their children’s room?

五、翻译题:本大题共6小题，每小题3分，共18分。将下列英文/中文翻译成中文/英文，将答案写在答题卡相应位置上。
45. to make bricks without straw
46. Great men are not always wise.
47.汤姆叔叔
48.他重重地打在我肩上。
49.天助自助者
50，清洁工(Note: Translate it with an English euphemism)

六、论述题:本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分。用英文论述下列问题，将答案写在答题卡相应位置上。
51. How do English speakers respond to compliments? What cross-cultural contrasts can you find between English and Chinese responses to compliments?

52. What are the topics that are considered by English speakers too personal to talk about? How should we Chinese treat anything related to privacy in conversations with English speakers?