【真题】2020年08月自考00898互联网软件应用与开发试题
📍 全国统考
💯 满分：100分
✓ 及格：60分
⏱ 时长：150分钟
📝 题量：38题
单项选择题
1.
软件生存周期一般可分为多个阶段，其中不属于软件定义期的是
A.
问题定义
B.
可行性研究
C.
需求分析
D.
编码和测试
正确答案：
D
解析：
软件生存周期中，软件定义期包括问题定义、可行性研究和需求分析；编码和测试属于软件开发期（或实现期），不属于定义期。
单项选择题
2.
UML 中常用的十种图分为五类，其中类图所属的类别是
A.
交互图
B.
静态图
C.
实现图
D.
行为图
正确答案：
B
解析：
UML 图按用途分为五类：用例图（行为）、静态图（类图、对象图、包图）、行为图（状态图、活动图）、交互图（顺序图、协作图）、实现图（组件图、部署图）。类图用于描述系统静态结构，属于静态图。
单项选择题
3.
下列 UML 模型图中，常用的模型元素包括同步线和信息流的是
A.
部署图
B.
对象图
C.
活动图
D.
状态图
正确答案：
C
解析：
活动图（Activity Diagram）用于描述业务流程或操作流程，其基本元素包括动作节点、控制流、对象流、分叉/汇合（即同步线）、泳道等；信息流常通过对象流表示。同步线（fork/join）是活动图特有元素。
单项选择题
4.
如果表中的数据不正确，可以用来更正这些不恰当数据的 SQL 语句是
A.
DELETE 语句
B.
INSERT 语句
C.
SELECT 语句
D.
UPDATE 语句
正确答案：
D
解析：
UPDATE 语句用于修改表中已存在记录的数据；DELETE 删除整行，INSERT 插入新行，SELECT 仅查询不修改。
单项选择题
5.
访问端口为 81 的 Web 网站使用的 URL 格式正确的是
A.
http://81@www.abc.com
B.
http://www.abc.com@81
C.
http:81//www.abc.com
D.
http://www.abc.com:81
正确答案：
D
解析：
标准 URL 格式为 protocol://host:port/path；端口号写在主机名后，用冒号分隔；@ 符号用于用户名@主机，不用于端口；C 项协议与端口间缺少 //，语法错误。
单项选择题
6.
在 IIS 6.0 中，使用散列技术标识用户，而不通过网络实际发送密码的身份验证方法是
A.
集成 Windows 身份验证
B.
基本身份验证
C.
高级摘要式身份验证
D.
匿名身份验证
正确答案：
C
解析：
高级摘要式身份验证（Digest Authentication）使用 MD5 散列算法对用户名、密码和随机数进行哈希运算，避免明文传输密码；基本身份验证以 Base64 编码传输密码（仍可逆）；集成 Windows 身份验证基于 Kerberos 或 NTLM 协议；匿名身份验证无需认证。
单项选择题
7.
以下 HTML 标记中，用于设置页面标题的是
A.
B.
</span>
</div>
<div class="pq-option">
<span class="pq-opt-label">C.</span>
<span class="pq-opt-content"><th></span>
</div>
<div class="pq-option">
<span class="pq-opt-label">D.</span>
<span class="pq-opt-content"></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="pq-answer-wrap" style="display:none;">
<div class="pq-answer">
<span class="pq-answer-label">正确答案：</span>
<span class="pq-answer-value">B</span>
</div>
<div class="pq-analysis">
<span class="pq-analysis-label">解析：</span>
<span class="pq-analysis-value"><title> 标签位于 内，用于定义网页在浏览器标签页上显示的标题； 是容器标签，<th> 是表格表头单元格， 是根元素。</span>
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<div class="pq-type-tag">单项选择题</div>
<div class="pq-question">
<span class="pq-no">8.</span>
<span class="pq-content">以下 JavaScript 变量命名正确的是</span>
</div>
<div class="pq-options">
<div class="pq-option">
<span class="pq-opt-label">A.</span>
<span class="pq-opt-content">_sum</span>
</div>
<div class="pq-option">
<span class="pq-opt-label">B.</span>
<span class="pq-opt-content">while</span>
</div>
<div class="pq-option">
<span class="pq-opt-label">C.</span>
<span class="pq-opt-content">5value</span>
</div>
<div class="pq-option">
<span class="pq-opt-label">D.</span>
<span class="pq-opt-content">$value</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="pq-answer-wrap" style="display:none;">
<div class="pq-answer">
<span class="pq-answer-label">正确答案：</span>
<span class="pq-answer-value">A</span>
</div>
<div class="pq-analysis">
<span class="pq-analysis-label">解析：</span>
<span class="pq-analysis-value">JavaScript 变量名必须以字母、下划线(_)或美元符号($)开头，后续可跟字母、数字、_、$；不能是保留字（如 while）；5value 以数字开头非法；_sum 合法；$value 也合法，但题目要求‘正确的是’且为单选，需选最无争议项——_sum 是标准推荐命名方式，而 $value 常用于 jQuery 等库，但本身合法；然而本题四个选项中 A 和 D 均合法，但传统教材强调下划线开头为合法变量名，且 while 和 5value 明确非法，故唯一明确无误的是 A。</span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0)" class="pq-toggle-answer">显示答案</a>
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<div class="pq-next-hint"><div class="pq-next-question"><span class="pq-next-no">9.</span><span class="pq-next-content">运行如下 JavaScript 程序代码片段后，变量 temp 的值是
“`j…</span></div><div class="pq-next-lock">🔒 已锁定</div></div><div class="pq-cta-box pq-cta-inline"><div class="pq-cta-icon">🔒</div><div class="pq-cta-text"><div class="pq-cta-title">本试卷共 38 道题</div><div class="pq-cta-desc">您已预览前 8 题，还有 30 题待解锁</div></div><div class="pq-cta-actions"><a href="javascript:void(0)" class="pq-cta-btn pq-cta-register signin-loader">登录后查看完整试卷</a></div></div> </div>
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var ZikaoPreviewConfig = {"home_url":"https://www.9-8.top/","ajax_url":"https://www.9-8.top/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php"};
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</script>
<script id="zikao-preview-modal-js" src="https://www.9-8.top/wp-content/plugins/zikao-tool/assets/js/zikao-preview-modal.js?ver=1.0.0"></script>
<script id="zikao-zib-login-modal-js-extra">
var ZibLoginModalConfig = {"ajax_url":"https://www.9-8.top/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php"};
//# sourceURL=zikao-zib-login-modal-js-extra
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<script id="zikao-zib-login-modal-js" src="https://www.9-8.top/wp-content/plugins/zikao-tool/assets/js/zib-login-modal.js?ver=1.0.0"></script>
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<script id="loader_js-js" src="https://www.9-8.top/wp-content/themes/zikaojun/js/loader.js?ver=9.0"></script>
<script id="forums-js" src="https://www.9-8.top/wp-content/themes/zikaojun/inc/functions/bbs/assets/js/main.min.js?ver=9.0"></script>
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function btnHoverFix() {
var btns = document.querySelectorAll('.zikao-action-btn, .btn-paper-preview, .btn-paper-download, .btn-paper-buy, .btn-answer-download, .btn-paper-locked, .btn-answer-locked, .zikao-batch-btn, .btn-view-outline, .btn-preview-outline, .btn-download-outline, .major-detail-links .zikao-btn, .cmp-action-btn, .zikao-btn-sm');
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btn.classList.contains('btn-paper-locked') ||
btn.classList.contains('btn-answer-locked');
btn.addEventListener('mouseenter', function() {
this.style.color = '#fff';
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if (isLocked) return;
this.style.filter = 'brightness(0.85)';
this.style.transform = 'translateY(-1px)';
this.style.boxShadow = '0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.15)';
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btn.addEventListener('mouseleave', function() {
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this.style.transform = '';
this.style.boxShadow = '';
this.style.color = '';
this.style.textDecoration = '';
});
});
}
btnHoverFix();
var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) {
for (var i = 0; i < mutations.length; i++) {
if (mutations[i].addedNodes.length > 0) {
btnHoverFix();
break;
}
}
});
observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true });
})();
</script>
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var _hmt = _hmt || [];
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var hm = document.createElement("script");
hm.src = "https://hm.baidu.com/hm.js?b014fe626003d2a7f133d3b4cc71147a";
var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];
s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s);
})();
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(function() {
var bp = document.createElement('script');
var curProtocol = window.location.protocol.split(':')[0];
if (curProtocol === 'https') {
bp.src = 'https://zz.bdstatic.com/linksubmit/push.js';
} else {
bp.src = 'http://push.zhanzhang.baidu.com/push.js';
}
var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];
s.parentNode.insertBefore(bp, s);
})();
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<script type="text/javascript">
console.log("数据库查询：16次 | 页面生成耗时：173.068ms");
</script>
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