解析：Paragraph 1 states: ‘Dogs are particularly valuable in guiding the blind, protecting property, finding lost people, and hunting down criminals.’ It explicitly highlights dogs’ multifaceted utility; while horses are mentioned for guarding herds and helping farmers, ‘protecting property’ is attributed to dogs—not horses—so A is false. B contradicts the text: ‘although animals may not have the same intelligence as human beings’. C is unsupported—wild animals are said to be ‘popular performers’, not farm workers. D is directly supported by the opening sentence of the paragraph and reinforced by examples.
2.Some dogs attack the postman who comes to deliver mails because _.
A.their masters train them to do so
B.they don’t like the behavior of the postman
C.they don’t think he is a friend of their masters
D.the postman keeps coming and going all the time
正确答案：C
解析：Paragraph 3 explains: ‘One explanation for this behavior is that, although the postman comes to the house often, he never enters the house. Therefore, the dog thinks the postman is someone who is not wanted…’ This reflects the dog’s inference based on the master’s behavior (welcoming friends into the house), leading it to classify the postman as unwelcome — i.e., not a friend of the master. Option D is partially mentioned but is contextualized *as evidence* for C, not the root cause itself.
解析：Paragraph 5 states: ‘Two important factors in teaching a dog to obey commands are: using the same word each time for the same act, and teaching only one act at a time.’ Option A matches verbatim. C contradicts ‘teaching only one act at a time’. B and D are not stated as requirements in the passage.
解析：Paragraph 6 says: ‘After a lot of practice, the dog then retrieves a stick (or other object) even when he has not seen it thrown.’ Contextually, this follows discussion of fetching — ‘carry’, ‘bring something back from a distance’, ‘running after it… until he finds it’ — confirming ‘retrieves’ means ‘brings back’. ‘Goes after’ (B) describes pursuit, not completion; ‘retrieves’ implies successful recovery and return.
D.Dogs could be very dangerous especially to kids.
正确答案：C
解析：The entire passage focuses on how dogs learn, what factors affect training success (consistency, sequencing, reinforcement), and how misbehavior (e.g., attacking postmen) can be corrected through proper training. While B is partially true (horses help farming; dogs are not described as farm workers), and A/D are unsupported, C synthesizes the central theme: effective, methodical training yields desired outcomes — ‘a dog is quite ready to do what his master wishes’ when trained correctly.
6.Why does Gill Pratt decide to take the job of running the Toyota Research Institute?
A.Because Toyota wants to diversify its product line.
B.Because Toyota decides to establish a new research division.
C.Because Toyota has great interest in problems faced in old age.
D.Because Toyota has a new research plan in artificial intelligence.
正确答案：C
解析：Passage Two states: ‘Mr. Pratt says, the company’s interest in ageing was a big reason for him to take the job.’ Also: ‘how can we use technology to make the quality of life better as people get older?’ confirms focus on ageing-related challenges. A, B, D are not cited as motivations in the text.
A.Britain and France are so poor that they cannot afford robots
B.countries that are ageing slowly usually have fewer robots
C.rich countries do not need fancy machines
D.young countries are usually rich countries
正确答案：B
解析：Paragraph 3 says: ‘Those with relatively few robots compared with the size of their workforce include Britain and France, both of which (by rich-country standards) are ageing slowly.’ This directly supports B. A is contradicted — the passage clarifies poverty isn’t the factor (‘The connection does not merely reflect the fact that young countries tend to be poor… It holds good within rich countries, too’). C and D are unsupported generalizations.
解析：‘Posit’ in academic context means to put forward as a hypothesis or assumption. The sentence reads: ‘The authors posit a rule of thumb…’ — i.e., they propose/suggest a general principle based on data. ‘Suggest’ (D) is the closest synonym. ‘Decide’ implies finality; ‘put up’ is informal/ambiguous; ‘refer to’ lacks the propositional meaning.
暂无评论内容